鸭肠炎病毒疫苗能够预防和保护H5N1病毒的传播

2012-02-14 20:30 来源:丁香园 作者:中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所
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J Virol 2011 Nov;85 (21): 10989-98. [IF:5.189]
A duck enteritis virus-vectored bivalent live vaccine provides fast and complete protection against H5N1 avian influenza virus infection in ducks.
Liu J , Chen P , Jiang Y , Wu L , Zeng X , Tian G , Ge J , Kawaoka Y , Bu Z , Chen H .
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所,兽医生物技术国家重点实验室

Abstract
Ducks play an important role in the maintenance of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in nature, and the successful control of AIVs in ducks has important implications for the eradication of the disease in poultry and its prevention in humans. The inactivated influenza vaccine is expensive, labor-intensive, and usually needs 2 to 3 weeks to induce protective immunity in ducks. Live attenuated duck enteritis virus (DEV; a herpesvirus) vaccine is used routinely to control lethal DEV infections in many duck-producing areas. Here, we first established a system to generate the DEV vaccine strain by using the transfection of overlapping fosmid DNAs. Using this system, we constructed two recombinant viruses, rDEV-ul41HA and rDEV-us78HA, in which the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the H5N1 virus A/duck/Anhui/1/06 was inserted and stably maintained within the ul41 gene or between the us7 and us8 genes of the DEV genome. Duck studies indicated that rDEV-us78HA had protective efficacy similar to that of the live DEV vaccine against lethal DEV challenge; importantly, a single dose of 10(6) PFU of rDEV-us78HA induced complete protection against a lethal H5N1 virus challenge in as little as 3 days postvaccination. The protective efficacy against both lethal DEV and H5N1 challenge provided by rDEV-ul41HA inoculation in ducks was slightly weaker than that provided by rDEV-us78HA. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that recombinant DEV is suitable for use as a bivalent live attenuated vaccine, providing rapid protection against both DEV and H5N1 virus infection in ducks.

摘要
鸭类在高致病性H5N1禽流感病毒在自然中的保持起到重要的作用,成功控制AIVs在鸭类的传播在家禽疾病的消除和控制人类(禽流感)中有重要的意义。灭活的流感疫苗费用高,费人工,而且需要2到3周的时间才能在鸭类中产生免疫保护。减活的鸭类肠炎病毒(DEV;一种疱疹病毒)疫苗已经常规用于很多鸭类生产地区的致命性DEV感染。这里,我们首先通过重叠F粘粒DNA的转染来建立产生DEV疫苗的系统。利用这个系统,我们构造两个重组病毒,rDEV-ul41HA 和 rDEV-us78HA,H5N1病毒A/duck/Anhui/1/06的红细胞凝集素(HA)基因被嵌入并稳定结合在ul41基因内或者在DEV基因组的us7 和us8之间。鸭类研究提示相对于活的DEV疫苗来说,rDEV-us78HA对致命性DEV的保护效果相当;重要的是,单剂量10(6) PFU的rDEV-us78HA对致命性H5N1病毒的完全保护最少是在免疫3天后。由接种rDEV-ul41HA所致的鸭类对致命性DEV和H5N1感染有效保护比rDEV-us78HA的效果稍低。研究结果初次提示重组的DEV适合用于二价的减毒活疫苗,可以给鸭类提供对DEV和H5N1的快速保护。

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